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	prerequisite for all who wished to carry on business and prosper in trade 
	within the Square Mile. The privileges were eagerly sought while the duties 
	and obligations of Freemen were faithfully observed and this led to the 
	forming of Guilds and Livery Companies founded on the basis of commerce, 
	benevolence and religion. This formed trade specific standards within each 
	trade, enhanced reputations and protected the interests of customers.
	The involvement of Freemen in the development of London's government can be 
	traced back to Saxon and Norman times. As London grew and its trade and 
	craft industries expanded, the direct involvement of Freemen in determining 
	the evolving structure of local government gave way to indirect involvement 
	through the Masters and Wardens of the Guilds and Livery Companies. Still 
	today it is necessary for Liverymen to be Freemen of the City and it is the 
	Liverymen who participate annually in the election of the Lord Mayor and 
	Sheriffs.
	The proud history of the City of London is such that many men and women 
	rightly continue to regard it as a privilege to be admitted to the Freedom; 
	further, the charitable activities of Freemen have been maintained in many 
	different ways and by a great variety of City institutions.
	Throughout the period of change in the 19th century it became possible to 
	apply for the Freedom of the City without having to be a Liveryman. This 
	development led to the foundation in 1908 of The Guild of Freemen of the 
	City of London. Today the Guild is uniquely representative of all who enjoy 
	the Freedom of the City of London, with a large number of Liverymen among 
	its membership, coming together for the purpose of Charity, Benevolence, 
	Education and Social activities. True to tradition the Guild's Charity 
	provides support to many deserving causes including individuals and 
	educational establishments associated with the City of London.
	It has become a happy tradition that the Lord Mayor honours the Guild by 
	becoming its Patron during his year of office, and that the Dean of St 
	Paul's serves as its Honorary Chaplain.

The Guildhall is the home of the City of London 
	Corporation and has been the centre of City Government since the Middle 
	Ages. It is the largest civic hall in England and the only stone built 
	secular building in the City to have survived the Great Fire of London in 
	1666.
	The first documentary evidence of a Guildhall on this site is dated 1128 and 
	the current building was begun in 1411 and completed in 1440 although there 
	are vestiges of Roman remains, including an amphitheatre, which can still be 
	seen below Guildhall today.
	The building of Guildhall was a demonstration of the wealth and pride of the 
	City during the 15th century with the Livery Companies and Guilds 
	contributing towards its cost. A legacy from the will of the famous Lord 
	Mayor Richard 'Dick' Whittington was also made available to assist in the 
	Guildhall's completion.
	The roof of the Guildhall has been replaced several times following 
	destruction through fire, war and reconstruction, and the oak panelled roof 
	you see today is the fifth to rest on the medieval walls.
	Throughout history the Guildhall has been the scene for much feasting and 
	celebration, and a place where Royal and State visitors have been 
	entertained throughout the centuries. In addition, it has been the setting 
	for famous trials such as that of Lady Jane Grey and Thomas Cranmer.
In November each year the Lord Mayor's Banquet takes place 
	in the Great Hall, marking the start of the Lord Mayor's year in office. 
	Equally prestigious in December is the Annual Banquet of the Guild of 
	Freemen of the City of London, which is the highlight of the Guild's 
	programme of events and the Master's year.
	As you look around this Medieval Hall you see stained glass windows and 
	monuments to such national heroes as Admiral Lord Nelson, the Duke of 
	Wellington and Sir Winston Churchill. Tonight we dine in good company!

 
 
	
Built in 1582 for Sir Richard Martin. the Master of the 
	Mint and 3 times Lord Mayor of London the house v as lived in by various 
	individuals until Mary, Dowager Countess of Home bequeathed it to her 
	daughter Anne, wife of the Scottish Royalist John Maitland, the Earl of 
	Lauderdale - hence its name.
	In 1649 Lady Lauderdale gave the house to John Ireton, brother of Cromwell's 
	son-in-law, General Henry Ireton, who lived there until the Restoration. It 
	was then returned to Lady Lauderdale, whose husband was a member of the 
	Cabal and therefore a key advisor to Charles II who allowed the King's 
	mistress, Nell Gwynn, to live there.
	Changing hands many times, Lauderdale House's last private owner, Sir Sydney 
	Waterlow, who was Lord Mayor of London in 1872-3, leased it to St 
	Bartholomew's Hospital as a convalescent home. By 1883 the house lay empty, 
	so in 1889 Sir Sydney gave it and its grounds to the London County Council 
	"for the enjoyment of Londoners".
	The 29 acres of land became a public park and the house a tearoom until a 
	fire in 1963 destroyed much of the interior. It lay derelict until the local 
	community established the Lauderdale House Society, the charity which now 
	runs the house. In 1978 it was opened by Yehudi Menuhin as an arts and 
	education centre.



 
 
	
 
 
	

The Great Hall, in which we are privileged to be dining 
	tonight, is part of Guildhall, the home of the City of London Corporation 
	since the Middle Ages. It is the largest civic hall in England and is the 
	only stone built secular building in the City to have survived the Great 
	Fire of London in 1666 that is still standing today.
	Building of the present Guildhall commenced in 1411, some 600 years ago, but 
	it is thought that an earlier civic hall existed on the site in the 13th 
	century with vestiges of the earlier structures being incorporated in the 
	west crypt when the new building was undertaken.
	The rebuilding of the Guildhall was an ambitious undertaking which continued 
	until approximately 1430. It was a demonstration of the wealth and pride of 
	the City during the fifteenth century. Construction costs were raised 
	through a variety of taxes with contributions also being made by many of the 
	livery companies and other private sources. Towards its completion a legacy 
	from the will of the famous Lord Mayor, Richard ‘Dick’ Whittington, was also 
	made available to assist with the completion of the windows and paving. As 
	early as 1419 it was possible for hustings (election campaigning) to be held 
	inside the new building.
	In 1666 the Great Fire swept through the Guildhall complex resulting in the 
	loss of most of the ancillary buildings. However the structure of the hall 
	itself, although losing its roof and the majority of the interior, was left 
	standing. As soon as possible a flat roof was erected over Guildhall to 
	enable resumption of its use. At the time this roof was meant to be of a 
	‘temporary’ nature but did in fact last for 200 years, until 1866, when an 
	extensive restoration was carried out by City of London architect, Sir 
	Horace Jones, who added a new timber roof in close keeping with the 
	original.
	In 1940 fire bomb raids caused serious damage to Guildhall and again the 
	ancillary buildings and the roof of the hall were lost, but still the main 
	walls survived and remained standing. A temporary structure was installed 
	over the roof and it was under this steel canopy, in 1943, that Winston 
	Churchill received the Freedom of the City of London. The present oak 
	panelled roof was installed during restoration works which were completed in 
	1954 and is the fifth to rest on the medieval walls.
	Throughout history the magnificent hall has been the scene of much activity 
	including many famous trials. These include those of Anne Askew (Protestant 
	Martyr), Sir Nicholas Throckmorton, Lady Jane Grey, Thomas Cranmer, John 
	Felton (Catholic Martyr) and Henry Garnett (in connection with the gunpowder 
	plot).The Great Hall has also been the scene for much feasting and 
	celebration. By the seventeenth century hospitality in the City and at 
	Guildhall was already famous. Samuel Pepys is said to have dined here as 
	did, on many occasions, Charles II. In the late nineteenth and early 
	twentieth century many magnificent banquets were held in honour of visiting 
	heads of state, a tradition which still exists today. It is however said 
	that few can rival the banquet held in 1900 by Queen Victoria to welcome 
	soldiers returning home from the Boer War.
	Among the many prestigious events held in the great hall today is the Lord 
	Mayor’s Banquet, the first to be hosted by the new Lord Mayor in November 
	each year. Equally prestigious, in December each year, is tonight’s Annual 
	Banquet of the Guild of Freemen of the City of London, a tradition which is 
	the highlight of the Guild’s programme of events.
	As you look around the Great Hall you will see a number of splendid 
	monuments which date back to the eighteenth century. The oldest, erected in 
	1772, was dedicated to Lord Mayor William Beckford who is represented 
	addressing a remonstrance to King George Ill, after the king had apparently 
	rebuffed an address from the City. Both William Pitt the Elder and William 
	Pitt the Younger have their own monuments depicting the onset of prosperity 
	achieved by the City during their lifetimes. Other monuments include 
	tributes to Admiral Viscount Nelson, the Duke of Wellington, Lord Chatham 
	and, more recently, Sir Winston Churchill. Tonight we dine in good company!




 
 
	 
 
	


 
 
	
 
 
	 
 
	
	






 
 
	



 
 
	

 
 
	 
 
	

 
 
	
 
 
	
 
 
	
 
 
	

 
 
	
